In layman terms, Lymphedema can be defined as a swelling in the limbs caused due to the abnormal build up of fluids in the body. The lymphatic system, made up of a network of lymph glands and lymph nodes, plays an important role in the protection of the body from harmful substances. This medical condition develops in cases of trauma to the lymphatic system of the body, particularly if the lymph nodes or the lymph vessels are missing, damaged or removed due to a surgical procedure.
There are two variants of the condition, namely primary lymphedema and secondary lymphedema. Primary lymphedema is congenital and occurs due to missing or undeveloped lymph vessels. The condition may be apparent at birth or develop during the teenage years and sometimes may not show up till adulthood. Secondary lymphedema is acquired and much more common than hereditary lymphedema. It may occur in the upper limbs after breast cancer surgery in case of women. The lower limbs or the groin area might be affected in case of surgery for ovarian or uterine cancer. In men, secondary lymphedema commonly affects the legs after a treatment for prostrate, colon or testicular cancer.
Certain diseases that may inhibit proper functioning of the lymphatic system can be a cause for lymphedema. Another cause for acquired lymphedema, which is quite widespread in the tropical areas, is lymphatic filariasis, a parasitic infection spread by mosquitoes. Lymphatic filariasis is also known as elephantiasis. Lymphatic malformations are the result of irregular prenatal development of the lymphatic system and may affect any part of the body.
It is difficult to diagnose the presence of lymphedema in a patient, because the condition develops gradually. The initial signs may be general observations like heaviness in the arm or foot. This is the mild stage edema where the accumulation of fluid is not detectable. As the disease develops further, there is increased fluid retention in an entire limb. There are marked changes in the appearance of the skin and the formation of cysts and corns. A definitive diagnosis of the disease can be made by measuring the circumference of the affected part and comparing it with the other non- affected limb. The hardening of the tissues in the more advanced stages of lymphedema is known as fibrosis.
The treatment of lymphedema depends on the severity of the condition and the quantum of fibrosis present in the affected body part. Patients usually follow a therapy suggested by their doctor that may include a combination of a massage, bandaging and the use of compression garments. They may also make use of a sequential gradient pump intermittently. In addition, some patients follow an exercise routine to keep the limbs moving and stimulate circulation. It is advisable to use bandages while performing any activity as this enhances the pumping action of the lymph vessels which stimulates the flow of fluids in the body.
The manual lymph drainage system for the treatment of lymphedema involves the gentle massaging of the skin to stimulate the flow of the fluid to return it to the blood circulatory system. The kidneys help to filter the excess fluid and eliminate it from the body through urination. Surgical techniques have also been developed to treat lymphedema.
Sunday, December 6, 2009
Lymphedema Treatment
Lymphedema Treatment: An Overview
Lymphedema treatment involves a therapy known as Complete Decongestive Therapy. This consists of draining of the fluids through a massage, compression bandaging, exercise and skin care. The main aim of this therapy is to remove the stagnated proteins and fluids and to restore the circulation of the lymph. The treatment should begin at the early stages, because mild lymphedema is often reversible. This treatment therapy is time consuming, uncomfortable and inconvenient but the only one which can help to control the condition.
Hygiene is essential to remove the bacteria and debris collecting on the skin surface. A regular inspection of the skin helps to spot open wounds or cellulitis that is developing. Cleansing of the skin is very important to prevent infections. However, even with the best of skin care some lymphedema patients may encounter recurring bouts of cellulitis. These have to be treated at the earliest possible opportunity to avoid sepsis and further complications. It is a good practice for lymphedema sufferers to keep their weight under control as it helps to manage the condition much easily. Patients should avoid tight clothing or jewelry so that it does not have a constricting effect. Another precaution that must be taken is to avoid any injury, even a minor one. If at all there is a cut or bruise, it should be treated immediately before it gets infected.
Using compression garments is an integral part of lymphedema treatment; patients are required to wear them at all times during the day. The garment may be removed at night but the affected limb must be kept at an elevated position to promote the circulation. Compression garments must fit properly to afford the best compression. An ill-fitting garment, besides being uncomfortable for the patient, will be completely useless in exerting the pressure required to keep the swelling down. Exercises as instructed by the therapist are essential to keep the lymphatic fluids in circulation. Exercising in general, promotes the 'feel-good' factor that aids in the healing of the body.
Surgery is not recommended as a treatment method for lymphedema. However, for patients who are suffering from severe lymphedema that impairs daily activity or does not respond to the conventional methods of treatment, surgery may be an option. In such cases, surgery may be performed to reduce the volume of the affected limb so as to improve the functionality and facilitate the normal treatment methods. Surgical techniques involve the removal of the tissue build up or surgical intervention to improve the lymphatic drainage.
Alternative methods of lymphedema treatment are gaining popularity as people try to find new ways of managing this ailment. The use of some herbs is said to improve lymphatic flow and reduce inflammation. Some patients turn to homeopathy in the hope of finding relief from the condition. Acupuncture, liposuction, magnetic therapy, light beam generator therapy, Kinesiology and laser treatment are some of the alternatives that may be used by patients in a quest to find a cure for lymphedema.
Lymphedema treatment involves a therapy known as Complete Decongestive Therapy. This consists of draining of the fluids through a massage, compression bandaging, exercise and skin care. The main aim of this therapy is to remove the stagnated proteins and fluids and to restore the circulation of the lymph. The treatment should begin at the early stages, because mild lymphedema is often reversible. This treatment therapy is time consuming, uncomfortable and inconvenient but the only one which can help to control the condition.
Hygiene is essential to remove the bacteria and debris collecting on the skin surface. A regular inspection of the skin helps to spot open wounds or cellulitis that is developing. Cleansing of the skin is very important to prevent infections. However, even with the best of skin care some lymphedema patients may encounter recurring bouts of cellulitis. These have to be treated at the earliest possible opportunity to avoid sepsis and further complications. It is a good practice for lymphedema sufferers to keep their weight under control as it helps to manage the condition much easily. Patients should avoid tight clothing or jewelry so that it does not have a constricting effect. Another precaution that must be taken is to avoid any injury, even a minor one. If at all there is a cut or bruise, it should be treated immediately before it gets infected.
Using compression garments is an integral part of lymphedema treatment; patients are required to wear them at all times during the day. The garment may be removed at night but the affected limb must be kept at an elevated position to promote the circulation. Compression garments must fit properly to afford the best compression. An ill-fitting garment, besides being uncomfortable for the patient, will be completely useless in exerting the pressure required to keep the swelling down. Exercises as instructed by the therapist are essential to keep the lymphatic fluids in circulation. Exercising in general, promotes the 'feel-good' factor that aids in the healing of the body.
Surgery is not recommended as a treatment method for lymphedema. However, for patients who are suffering from severe lymphedema that impairs daily activity or does not respond to the conventional methods of treatment, surgery may be an option. In such cases, surgery may be performed to reduce the volume of the affected limb so as to improve the functionality and facilitate the normal treatment methods. Surgical techniques involve the removal of the tissue build up or surgical intervention to improve the lymphatic drainage.
Alternative methods of lymphedema treatment are gaining popularity as people try to find new ways of managing this ailment. The use of some herbs is said to improve lymphatic flow and reduce inflammation. Some patients turn to homeopathy in the hope of finding relief from the condition. Acupuncture, liposuction, magnetic therapy, light beam generator therapy, Kinesiology and laser treatment are some of the alternatives that may be used by patients in a quest to find a cure for lymphedema.
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